2nd November 2005
Laboratory Methods
Laboratory detection of morphine and codeine is performed by immunoassay. Confirmation is by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).
Cutoff and Detection Post Dose
The detection limit of the initial screen is 300 ng/ml, with a sensitivity of 20 ng/ml. This is sufficient to detect heroin use for approximately 24-48 hours post dose and codeine for somewhat longer. Positives are confirmed on GC/MS at a cutoff level of 300 ng/ml.
OXYCODONE
Classification: Opiate-narcotic analgesic
Background: The milky residue collected from the opium poppy plant (opium) is the natural material from which opiate compounds are extracted or synthesized. Oxycodone is a semi-synthetic opiates derived from opium. Oxycodone, like other opiates is characterized by its analgesic properties, and the tendency for users to form a physical dependency and develop tolerance with extended use. It is a commonly prescribed analgesic taken orally, frequently in combination with acetaminophen or aspirin. OxyContin, the time-release form of oxycodone, is supplied in 80 mg doses and is often called “hillbilly heroin”. When the pills are crushed, the contents can be snorted or dissolved in water and injected. Its use as a “Club Drug” is reported as on the increase.
Street Names: Oxy; OC; hillbilly heroin
Detection in Urine: 1-3 days
Physiological Effects: Analgesia (pain relief), respiratory depression, constipation. Long time use leads to dependence and tolerance so that a dramatic increase in dose is necessary for the same analgesic effect. Tolerance begins after the initial dose but is usually significant only after the second week of chronic use. A 35 fold increase in dose may be necessary for the same effect. Withdrawal symptoms may begin 6-8 hours after the last dose and reach a peak at 36–72 hours.
Toxicity: Respiratory depression/failure is the greatest risk associated with opiate abuse aside from the risk of infection associated with illicit intravenous drug use.
Psychological Effects: Sedation, euphoria, mental clouding
Cutoff Levels: ImmunoAssay screen test: 500 ng/mL
GCMS confirmation test:
300 ng/mL
Office of the Armed Forces Medical Examiner, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC 20306-6000.
Opiate testing for morphine and codeine is performed routinely in forensic urine drug-testing laboratories in an effort to identify illicit opiate abusers. In addition to heroin, the 6-keto-opioids, including hydromorphone, hydrocodone, oxymorphone, and oxycodone, have high abuse liability and are self-administered by opiate abusers, but only limited information is available on detection of these compounds by current immunoassay and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) methods. In this study, single doses of hydromorphone, hydrocodone, oxymorphone, and oxycodone were administered to human subjects, and urine samples were collected before and periodically after dosing. Opiate levels were determined in a quantitative mode with four commercial immunoassays, TDx opiates (TDx), Abuscreen radioimmunoassay (ABUS), Coat-A-Count morphine in urine (CAC), and EMIT d.a.u. opiate assay (EMIT), and by GC-MS. GC-MS assay results indicated that hydromorphone, hydrocodone, oxymorphone, and oxycodone administration resulted in rapid excretion of parent drug and O-demethylated metabolites in urine. Peak concentrations occurred within 8 h after drug administration and declined below 300 ng/mL within 24-48 h. Immunoassay testing indicated that hydromorphone, hydrocodone, and oxycodone, but not oxymorphone, were detectable in urine by TDx and EMIT (300-ng/mL cutoff) for 6-24 h. ABUS detected only hydrocodone, and CAC failed to detect any of the four 6-keto-opioid analgesics. Generally, immunoassays for opiates in urine displayed substantially lower sensitivities for 6-keto-opioids compared with GC-MS. Consequently, urine samples containing low to moderate concentrations of hydromorphone, hydrocodone, oxymorphone, and oxycodone will likely go undetected when tested by conventional immunoassays.
Take in these articles and Explain you are willing to switch to a drug thats easier to detect but it's a shame to give up a med that's effective just because we presently don't have an easy and inexpensive way to detect OxyCodone in Urine.
Here is the entire post by suzie where we discussed this last year some time, after she receved a false negative on an Oxy screen done by conventional UA's.
[url]http://www.healthboards.com/boards/showthread.php?t=161204&highlight=Testing+oxycodone[/url]
Good luck
Take care, Dave ;)